400 leaflets $1.00. Order as "Package No. 1" or Package No. 1, 50 leaflets each of 8 different kinds. kinds. Anti-Tobacco Literature Power of Tobacco Habit Why the Cigaret is Especially Harmful Use of Tobacco Boy and the Cigaret Avoiding a Dangerous Blind Lead (18 pp.) (Best all-round Anti-Cig.-No. Journal.) A each $.20 .20 05 .05 .05 in a manner to DISARM PREJUDICE, GRIP ATTEN- ENCOURAGE ACTION SPECIALLY DESIRABLE FOR Labor Unions, Lyceums and Chautauquas, Societies of Christian Endeavor, Parental or Industrial Schools, No-License Campaigns, Public Temperance Meetings held in Churches or by Temperance Organizations, Social Welfare Workers and for High and Normal Schools and for Teachers' Meetings. Trained Lecturers Available Lectures Illustrated if Desired Send for full Particulars and Terms SPECIAL OFFER SET OF SLIDES SUFFICIENT FOR ILLUSTRA- Half the Slides Colored Complete with Copyrighted M. S. Only $20 for All Cigaret Stereopticon Slides for Sale SCIENTIFIC TEMPERANCE FEDERATION, 23 Trull St., Boston NEW METHOD Travelling Loan Exhibit of Graphic Charts WHAT IS IT? Exhibit consists of 25 Colored Charts (framed or not as desired, size 22x28) Illustrating statistically the Relation of Alcohol to Crime, Heredity, Mental and Muscular Ability, to Tuberculosis and other infectious Diseases, Longevity, etc. No obectionable details. ments. WHO USE IT? Teachers' Institutes General Expositions Charitable Organizations Christian Endeavor Conventions Sunday School Associations Temperance Lecturers and Conventions Based on most reliable scientific experi- 200,000 persons have seen these charts in two years. NEW CHART SERIES Inexpensive reproduction of the large charts. Use them in Day and Sunday Schools. Set people thinking by displaying them in Shop Windows, Manufactories, Stores, on Bill Boards, etc. Four of the series now ready, others to follow. No. 1-" Comparative Sickness of Drinkers and Abstainers" (see Dec. Journal.) No. 2-"Employers Who Prefer Non-Alcoholized Workmen" (see Jan. Journal.) No. 3-" Tuberculosis and Nervous Diseases in the Children of Drinkers" (see Feb. Journal,) No. 4-"A 62-Mile Walking Match Between Abstainers and Moderate Drinkers" (see March Journal.) Handsomely printed in red on coated paper; size 9x13 in. Vol. XX BOSTON, APRIL, 1911 The Children's Right: The Nation's Salvation No. 8 THE children are the legal heirs to every truth of science that warns against the use of alcohol and other narcotic poisons. To deprive them of these truths is an unspeakable sin, not only against the children, but also against the nation soon to be governed by them.-Mary H. Hunt. Smoking as a Handicap to College Students BY CORA FRANCES STODDARD Based upon a report (Popular Science Monthly, Aug. 1910) on 223 Freshmen and Sophomores of Columbia University by Dr. George L. Meylan, Columbia University T HE question of the effects of tobacco upon the smoker has received much attention from moralists, educators, physicians and scientists. This study was directed to determine if smoking exerts any influence on the physical and mental characteristics of college students. 223 men were recorded. Of these 52 per cent. were smokers, 48 per cent., non-smokers. AGE AT WHICH SMOKING BEGAN FOR PARENT and teacher the age at which the boy begins to smoke is of importance. Ninety-five per cent. of these college smokers acquired the habit between fourteen and nineteen years of age. Four per cent. began before the age of fourteen, but at the beginning of adolescence there is a prompt increase which continues to rise reaching the highest point at the seventeenth year, in which more than one-fourth of these young smokers contracted the habit. PHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN THE physical measurements and tests of smokers and non-smokers there was very little difference, owing in part to the fact that the smokers averaged about seven and one-half months older than the non-smokers. This fact, however, does not prove that the use of tobacco by youth may not interfere with growth. Indeed, Dr. Meylan says: "All scientists who have studied the physiological effects of tobacco are agreed that it has a depressing influence on the heart and circulation, also, that anything which interferes with the vigor of the circulation has a retarding effect on growth." The period of greatest activity in growth. is from the thirteenth to the sixteenth year, and more than sixty per cent. of these college men had not begun to smoke until after the sixteenth year, which may be one reason why they showed no marked physical inferiority. Dr. Meylan's report shows, moreover, that the smokers as a rule belong to a class of students having larger means, and therefore a more favorable physical environment, better nutrition, etc., than the non-smokers; their measurements should be larger on that account. As President Butler of Columbia points out in his annual report for 1908-9, quoted by Dr. Meylan, there is today "a new type of college student who goes to college primarily for a social, not for an intellectual purpose. His wish is to share in the attractive associations; he desires to participate in athletic sports; he hopes in after life to mingle freely and on terms of equality with college bred men." "This type of student," says Dr. Meylan, "is a good fellow, he dresses well, has a generous allowance, belongs to a fraternity and tries to 'make' some varsity team... He spends much time in social intercourse and athletics and gets few high marks, mainly because he does not try to get them. He smokes because he has the time, the money and the opportunities to indulge in the practice." Since the smokers participate in athletic exercises more than the non-smokers, "their physical measurements should be larger on that account." But in spite of the fact that the smokers had conditions more favorable to a strong physique, they showed little if any superiority over the non-smokers. "That they are not appreciably heavier, taller and stronger than the non-smokers may be due to the depressing influence of nicotine on the circulation and consequent interference with normal growth." COLLEGE SMOKING NOT A SAFE EXAMPLE TO IMITATE THE BOY who begins the use of tobacco in his teens because he thinks it manly and because he sees his brother use it, as he supposes without harm, ought to be early taught that the facts show that even the college man, more mature than the boy, suffers injury, especially at the point which is supposed to be the main reason for going to college-his scholarship; that this injury comes not only through the smoking itself, but as Dr. Meylan shows, through the "idleness that is closely associated with the use of tobacco." As for the present danger to the boy himself, "all scientists," says Dr. Meylan, "are agreed that the use of tobacco by adolescents is injurious; parents, teachers and physicians should strive earnestly to warn against its use." youths POORER SCHOLARSHIP AMONG SMOKERS DR. MEYLAN's study of Columbia students like that of Mr. Clarke, of Clark College, showed that the smokers had distinctly poorer scholarship. Classification of Students 223 students 115 smokers such students smoke, and they are usually graded low in their studies." SMOKING MIXED WITH OTHER CAUSES IN LOWERING SCHOLARSHIP MR. CLARKE, in closing his report on smoking among Clark students pointed out the fact that this habit is mixed with others tending to lower scholarship in in which "smoking is a vital part of the difficulty. The club room is a lounging place where smokers are tolerated. A man who dislikes tobacco is seldom seen there. He is, there- . fore, under little temptation to waste time. Hence the smoker is the one who wastes the most time around the college grounds. This is but one of the conspicuous examples leading to the conclusion that smoking is an indicator of other evils as well as being harmful in itself." Dr. Meylan carried his studies farther, into the rank in scholarship of men conspicuous in athletics and members of fraternities. Of the smokers 42.6 per cent. were members of fraternities; of the non-smokers 15.7 per cent. SCHOLARSHIP RECORDS OF THE 223 STUDENTS 108 non-smokers The fact that the smokers were about eight months older than non-smokers when they entered college would seem to indicate that it had taken them longer to accomplish a given amount of school work than the non-smokers. As "age seventeen is the time when most boys begin to smoke, if for any reason a boy is older than the average when he enters college, there is more than an even chance that he will have acquired the smoking habit in the secondary school. The type of student who is primarily interested in social life and athletics is found in secondary schools as well as in college; three out of four of Τ Tobacco Favors Tuberculosis HE HENRY PHIPPS INSTITUTE for the treatment of tuberculosis reports that tobacco users make very unfavorable progress as compared with those who do not use it. In 1907, 15.58 per cent. of those who used tobacco died as compared with only 5.15 per cent. of those who did not use it; 45.36 per cent. of those who did not use it improved, but only 37.54 per cent. of those who used it. "The preponderance of favorable results for those who did not use tobacco" says the |